TK

Tristan Katz

Ethicist @ University of Fribourg, Switzerland
208 karmaJoined Working (0-5 years)

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I recently completed a PhD exploring the implications of wild animal suffering for environmental management. You can read my research here: https://scholar.google.ch/citations?user=9gSjtY4AAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao

I am now considering options in AI ethics, governance, or the intersection of AI and animal welfare.

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You’ve said you’re in favour of slowing/pausing, yet your post focuses on ‘making AI go well’ rather than on pausing. I think most EAs would assign a significant probability that near-term AGI goes very badly - with many literally thinking that doom is the default outcome. 

If that's even a significant possibility, then isn't pausing/slowing down the best thing to do no matter what? Why be optimistic that we can "make AGI go well" and pessimistic that we can pause or slow AI development for long enough?

I enjoyed this post a lot while reading it, but after reflecting (and discussing with my local group) I feel more unsure. Consider that can ask if we should encourage 'heroic responsibility' and try to foster this kind of radical, positive altruism at three different levels:

1. Personally, as an individual
2. Within EA
3. Within society as a whole.

The post seems to argue for all three. It talks specifically about the need for a cultural shift. I feel very convinced of (1) (I'd value this highly for myself), I'm less convinced of (2), and I feel quite unconvinced of (3). 

Heroic responsibility & burnout
I think it's quite clear that it would be beneficial if this way of thinking became widespread in EA and society at large. But it's less clear if that's a realistic expectation. I actually see a lot of risks to encouraging heroic responsibility within EA; EA pivoted away from heroic responsibility toward more toned-down messaging about doing good quite intentionally. As kuhanj notes, without he positive, enjoying-the-process attitude that's argued for in part 2, there's the risk that heroic responsibility leads to burnout. And it seems to me that enjoying the process is actually not always that easy: meditation just isn't for everyone, I've meditated  for a number of years and can't say it transformed me. I would be happy to see workshops on this at EA retreats, but it doesn't seem worth it to ask all EAs to spend large amounts of time on this when we're not sure if it'll work, and the current strategy of simply not asking people to take on all the world's problems also works ok. For people new to EA, the movement might also be very off-putting if it seemed to ask this much of you.

Is heroic responsibility learned or innate?
I also think that heroic responsibility might be determined more by genes or early childhood experiences than anything else. The examples of heroes don't seem to be of people who arrived there because of some deep insight - rather, these are people who were motivated by justice to begin with. I know for myself, I am more motivated in this way than my siblings now but I was also more motivated when I was 10 years old. Resources spent trying to transform people in this way might be wasted, and might be better spent by trying to encourage people who already have this disposition to join EA.

I enjoyed the original post, but found it somewhat hard to identify the key points and how they were connected. This summary makes that much clearer!

This is awesome. I really liked how you considered both short term and long term, clear and diffuse effects, and noted how they changed your confidence. 

It seems like this should be highly valuable for:

  • People working in animal advocacy
  • For donors who want to make their own judgements about which interventions to support
  • For other researchers who want to build on this, or to identify how different assumptions lead to support for different causes. 

I agree with @david_reinstein that it would be nice to see this made into a more visually polished and navigable form, but in terms of the content itself I found it very easy to understand the reasoning and assessments. 

I think this may have been a misunderstanding, because I also misunderstood your comment at first. At first you refer simply to the people who play the biggest role in shaping AGI - but then later (and in this comment) you refer to people who contribute most to making AGI go well - a very important distinction!  

That's fair. I would love it if we had data on this, and to be honest I am unsure about whether being strictly vegan is always right - my stronger objection to this article was about not being strictly vegetarian. That is easier to do and I think is perceived as less strict, at least in western societies. On the other hand, as I said in another comment I think that it's very hard to eat meat and fully internalise nonspeciesism at the same time. A true nonspeciesist should be disugsted by meat, because that's literally a dead body in front of you. So I think it's worth it to be strictly vegetarian primarily to reinforce your own values, internally - but also for the signalling effect.

Hey, I agree that many people associate veganism with 'annoying people'. But that's actually...more reason to call yourself vegan, if you're not an annoying person yourself! Break the stereotype, and normalise being standing for vegan values :)

My sense is that a lot of people in EA are against factory farming, but still buy into human supremacy and are ok with free-range farming. Then the 90% approach reflects the appropriate attitude and is fine. But for those like myself who have long-term hopes of ending animal exploitation altogether, I think it makes sense to signal that we oppose all of it. Requiring others to be strict is certainly counter-productive, though. I also don't think change has to be all or nothing - I actually think it's really good for people who make exceptions sometimes to call themselves vegan.

I think this kind of signal might work for high-functioning EAs, but not for your average person. It's too complicated: "I don't want to participate in a practice that harms animals" is much easier to understand. 

By the logic you've expressed in the post, I think you could also consider eating leftover meat, meat that's for free, meat that's from someone you know... so it gets complicated. My expectation is that most people see such behaviour, and think this person kind of cares about animal welfare, but only a bit.

That all said, I think (although I'm uncertain) that reason (1) in my last comment might actually be the most important.

This post assumes that the main reason for going vegan is due to your individual consumer impact. But there are at least three other, in my opinion stronger, reasons to go vegan:

  1. Because evidence suggests that when we eat animals we are likely to view them as having lower cognitive capabilities or moral status (see here for a wikipedia blurb about it). My own experience is that I started thinking and caring about animals more after I stopped eating them.
  2. As a social signal, to show to others that you object to this practice as a whole.
  3. You just find it easier to live according to simple ethical principles rather than calculating the expected utility in every situation.

Consumer boycotts aren't often effective at putting industries out of business. Social and political movements are, and the above three points contribute better to social and political change.

In response to the health argument:
The argument seems to be primarily an argument about ignorance: we don't understand nutrition, so veganism might be bad for us in a bunch of ways that we don't yet know about. But any modern diet is pretty far from a 'natural' one, so I'm not sure why defaulting back to a normal modern diet is any better. I wouldn't worry about this myself, because the reality is that humans evolved eating a variety of diets in different places - our bodies have adapted to take on a bit of stress. 

But also, it's not that hard to cover most of the nutrients mentioned at the beginning of the post - I buy a multivitamin that's designed for vegetarians, thus has a range of vitamins in the right ratios, and combine it with omega 3, and I'm sure that I'm healthier than I was before I was vegan and I'm sure I'm healthier than the majority of the population too. So if you're willing to put in this amount of work, I don't think the argument applies.

Side note on muscles and oysters:
I think one could argue these are part of a vegan diet, if a vegan diet is one based on not harming sentient beings.

*edit to add: I also would take long-term studies on vegan health with a big grain of salt, since I think it's become dramatically easier to have a healthy vegan diet in the last 10 years, with better access to vitamins, fortified milks etc.

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